{"id":262,"date":"2025-05-21T22:11:19","date_gmt":"2025-05-21T14:11:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/?p=262"},"modified":"2025-05-21T22:16:21","modified_gmt":"2025-05-21T14:16:21","slug":"%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8e%e8%bf%91%e6%9c%9f%e9%9c%87%e5%ae%b3%e7%9a%84%e5%87%a0%e7%82%b9%e6%84%9f%e6%82%9freflections-on-recent-seismic-damage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/?p=262","title":{"rendered":"\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd1\u671f\u9707\u5bb3\u7684\u51e0\u70b9\u611f\u609fReflections on Recent Seismic Damage"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u8bfb\u54f2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7cfb\u5217\u9707\u5bb3\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u51e0\u70b9\uff0c\u4ec5\u4e2a\u4eba\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0e\u541b\u5206\u4eab\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6297\u9707\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b58\u4fa5\u5e78\u5fc3\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e16\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u58a8\u83f2\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e8b\u60c5\u6709\u53d8\u574f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6709\u591a\u5c0f\uff0c\u5b83\u603b\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<center> <figure id=\"attachment_mmd_266\" class=\"wp-block-image \"><img width=\"765\" height=\"466\" src=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/gailv.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/gailv.png 765w, http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/gailv-300x183.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/><\/figure> <br> <div style=\"color:orange; border-bottom: 1px solid #d9d9d9; display: inline-block; color: #999; padding: 2px;\"><font color=\"blue\">\u56fe| \u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u9707\u4f5c\u7528\u53d1\u751f\u6982\u7387\u66f2\u7ebf <\/font><\/div> <\/center>\n<ul>\n<li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u529b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u867d\u7136\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u5c48\u670d\u540e\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u662f\u8106\u6027\u7834\u574f\u8fd8\u662f\u5ef6\u6027\u7834\u574f\u4e0d\u5f97\u800c\u77e5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<center> <figure id=\"attachment_mmd_267\" class=\"wp-block-image \"><img width=\"865\" height=\"156\" src=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/plastichinge.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/plastichinge.png 865w, http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/plastichinge-300x54.png 300w, http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/plastichinge-768x139.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px\" \/><\/figure> <br> <div style=\"color:orange; border-bottom: 1px solid #d9d9d9; display: inline-block; color: #999; padding: 2px;\"><font color=\"blue\">\u56fe| \u4f8b\u5982\u8fde\u6881,\u7f8e\u89c4\u5efa\u8bae\u540c\u65f6\u5b9a\u4e49\u7aef\u90e8\u5f2f\u77e9\u94f0+\u8de8\u4e2d\u526a\u5207\u94f0\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8017\u80fd\u6784\u4ef6\uff0c\u5730\u9707\u4e2d\u662f\u526a\u5207\u7834\u574f\u8fd8\u662f\u5f2f\u66f2\u7834\u574f\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5c11\u5173\u6ce8 <\/font><\/div> <\/center>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u771f\u5b9e\u5730\u9707\u529b\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u662f\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u8ba1\u7b97\u5047\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u89c4\u5f8b\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u4eba\u4e3a\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<center> <figure id=\"attachment_mmd_264\" class=\"wp-block-image \"><img width=\"765\" height=\"466\" src=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/abc.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/abc.jpg 765w, http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/abc-300x183.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/><\/figure> <br> <div style=\"color:orange; border-bottom: 1px solid #d9d9d9; display: inline-block; color: #999; padding: 2px;\"><font color=\"blue\">\u56fe| \u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5f80\u5f80\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6 <\/font><\/div> <\/center>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6982\u5ff5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u6784\u9020\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u770b\u4f3c\u62cd\u8111\u888b\uff0c\u5b9e\u5219\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u6297\u9707\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5e95\u7ebf\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u8ba1\u7b97\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u662f\u66f4\u5e94\u8be5\u8ba4\u771f\u53bb\u505a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u89c4\u8303\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u9020\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u6700\u80fd\u4f53\u73b0\u7ed3\u6784\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u89c4\u8303\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e9b\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u7528\u8bcd\u65e0\u61c8\u53ef\u51fb\uff0c\u5374\u53c8\u597d\u50cf\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u6ca1\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5982\u4eca\u5f88\u706b\u7684\u5e9f\u8bdd\u6587\u5b66\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u8bf4\u4e86\uff0c\u603b\u6bd4\u6ca1\u8bf4\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6761\u6587\u9700\u8981\u603b\u5de5\u62cd\u8111\u888b\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u600e\u4e48\u53bb\u505a\u3002<\/p>\n<center> <figure id=\"attachment_mmd_265\" class=\"wp-block-image \"><img width=\"765\" height=\"466\" src=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/feihua.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/feihua.jpg 765w, http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/feihua-300x183.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/><\/figure> <br> <div style=\"color:orange; border-bottom: 1px solid #d9d9d9; display: inline-block; color: #999; padding: 2px;\"><font color=\"blue\">\u56fe| \u641e\u7b11\u7684\u5e9f\u8bdd\u6587\u5b66\u8bed\u5f55 <\/font><\/div> <\/center>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8d8a\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8d8a\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6ee5\u7528\u6216\u5229\u7528\u4e0d\u5f53\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u9694\u9707\u7b49\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u771f\u6b63\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e00\u6280\u672f\u5c31\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u9694\u9707\u5c42\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8\u8584\u5f31\u5c42\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u4e0d\u5982\u4f20\u7edf\u6297\u9707\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Recent investigations into seismic damage cases have gradually clarified several key points for me. These are purely personal perspectives, shared here for discussion.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>1 No\u4fa5\u5e78 in Seismic Design<\/h4>\n<p>Seismic design must avoid complacency due to <strong>Murphy&#8217;s Law<\/strong> &#8211; if something can go wrong, it will.<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_mmd_266\" class=\"wp-block-image \"><img width=\"765\" height=\"466\" src=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/gailv.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Probability Curve of Earthquake Occurrence\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/gailv.png 765w, http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/gailv-300x183.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/><\/figure><br \/>\n<em>Figure | Probability curves of different earthquake events<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>2 Force-Based Design Limitations<\/h4>\n<p>While force-based design has clear theoretical foundations, it fails to define post-yield behavior, leaving uncertainty between brittle and ductile failure modes.<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_mmd_267\" class=\"wp-block-image \"><img width=\"865\" height=\"156\" src=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/plastichinge.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Plastic Hinge Definition Example\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/plastichinge.png 865w, http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/plastichinge-300x54.png 300w, http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/plastichinge-768x139.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 865px) 100vw, 865px\" \/><\/figure><br \/>\n<em>Figure | For coupling beams (US code example), both end moment hinges and mid-span shear hinges should be defined. As energy-dissipating components, do we prioritize shear or flexural failure? This aspect often gets overlooked.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>3 Uncertainty in Real Seismic Forces<\/h4>\n<p>Actual seismic forces are uncertain and often defy calculation assumptions. What we consider theoretical laws are merely human-defined constructs that may carry significant risks.<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_mmd_264\" class=\"wp-block-image \"><img width=\"765\" height=\"466\" src=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/abc.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Complexity in Practical Applications\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/abc.jpg 765w, http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/abc-300x183.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/><\/figure><br \/>\n<em>Figure | Reality is often complex, especially in complex structural design<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>4 Importance of Conceptual &#038; Detailing Design<\/h4>\n<p>Conceptual and detailing design &#8211; seemingly arbitrary &#8211; actually guarantee the minimum seismic safety baseline. Compared to computational analysis, these aspects deserve more rigorous attention. For unconventional structural systems beyond code provisions, conceptual and detailing design most clearly demonstrate a structural engineer&#8217;s expertise.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>5 Vague Code Provisions<\/h4>\n<p>Some code provisions, while grammatically flawless, often lack practical guidance. Like modern &#8220;nonsense literature&#8221;, they say something while saying nothing. Still, having them is better than nothing, as certain clauses still require chief engineers&#8217; judgment calls.<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_mmd_265\" class=\"wp-block-image \"><img width=\"765\" height=\"466\" src=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/feihua.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Nonsense Literature Examples\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/feihua.jpg 765w, http:\/\/www.structurevspoem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/feihua-300x183.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 765px) 100vw, 765px\" \/><\/figure><br \/>\n<em>Figure | Funny examples of nonsensical statements<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>6 Risk of Advanced Technologies<\/h4>\n<p>More advanced technologies (e.g., base isolation systems) are more prone to misuse. Without proper understanding, isolation layers might become weak layers, potentially performing worse than traditional seismic design.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h6>Parametric Modeling<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342472&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=126f8f63f42ec6b22b7620ca0b12ee96\">Understanding C# Components in Grasshopper (with source code)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342418&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=9b4111d923813940877d73336f5dfbf4\">How to Develop Grasshopper Plugins (with source code)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342431&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=66e4d38d9e5925dd52e4a33c2aa60e7e\">Rhino.Python Scripting Learning Notes #1<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h6>Structural Programming<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342820&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=e82ed97e7c27ba1983a32c718fc5ccff\">OpenSEES Auto-Processor Program AutoOS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342740&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=a09c15eea1c0ddf8deb79c7234efd368\">Automatic Seismic Report Generator 2022 Demo<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342732&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=af8e6b959df15a12266ee43bc751e8a7\">Exploring Structural Software APIs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342725&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=17b231a71354774e74fde31bde71d986\">ETABS Wall Segment Numbering Plugin Demo<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342662&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=d004c015cf5a25ae114d75883db583b6\">Abaqus Shear Wall Hysteresis Simulation (Python Source)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h6>Architectural Masters<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342120&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=3c8d2cfe1179841ca41af7fd04164813\">I. M. Pei&#8217;s Light &#038; Shadow Legacy<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342126&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=deb68f77928dce4adcc6164b3380d889\">Le Corbusier&#8217;s Modernism<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342144&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=ea2fbc658b093dc14f37a3003199eb15\">Oscar Niemeyer&#8217;s Curves &#038; Women<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342160&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=505ba8f4619e55253761fec0a6328881\">Zaha Hadid: Curves of Legend<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h6>Structural Masters<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342166&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=9b28abb78e80167dd2fda839770d25ed\">High-Rise Design: Structure as Architecture (Part 1)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342173&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=42ed1ebf110891610c4ca8015b3f210a\">High-Rise Design: Structure as Architecture (Part 2)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342181&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=311963f3495dac93140f0a95b494e5b0\">High-Rise Design: Structure as Architecture (Part 3)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342111&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=5a22ce487cdd8a38061eea11db99a08a\">Seismic Performance Design Master Graham H. Powell Lecture (Part 1)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342114&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=f3f2a0cc2b75e8bbce42ec776c8d64b0\">Seismic Performance Design Master Graham H. Powell Lecture (Part 2)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342098&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=c0bea51f4ec5856d2d527fb31d4690b5\">Seismic Design of Super High-Rises by Prof. Jack Moehle<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h6>Structural Design<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342555&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=6c5b4e8e9e8e009ee7ff9d5eaeebc4d2\">Unofficial Discussion of Shenzhen High-Rise Code (Part 1)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNDUyOTcxMw==&#038;mid=2649342709&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=b439dd0825a8a8ad6efe2d9a998a0f83\">Unofficial Discussion of Shenzhen High-Rise Code (Part 2)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u8bfb\u54f2\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7cfb\u5217\u9707\u5bb3\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u51e0\u70b9\uff0c\u4ec5\u4e2a\u4eba &#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":268,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31,42,37,39],"tags":[54,55,56],"class_list":["post-262","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pbd","category-perform3d","category-structure-design","category-39","tag-54","tag-55","tag-56"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - 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